41. What is a “ Kiss of death”?
(a) A flower whose smell was the basis of a discovery on the smell that led to the award of the 2004 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
(b) A chemical whose discovery ultimately won the scientists the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
(c) A good wine flavour working on which scientists won the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
(d) A network in the brain associated with smell whose discovery led the scientists to win the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.
Ans: (b)
[Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 for “. helping to understand how the human body gives the ‘kiss of death’ to rogue proteins to defend itself from diseases like cancer” (Reuters, 6 October 2004). These scientists—the former two from Israel, the latter from the US — discovered ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Knowledge of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation offers an opportunity to develop drugs against cervical cancer, cystic fibrosis and other diseases.]
42. Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of
(a) controlled fusion reaction
(b) uncontrolled fusion reaction
(c) controlled fission reaction
(d) uncontrolled fission reaction
Ans: (b)
[Thermonuclear fusion or hydrogen bombs explode with enormous power using uncontrolled self-sustaining chain fusion reactions. Deuterium and tritium, under extremely high temperatures, form helium providing the energy.]
D + T 4He + n In principle, a mixture of D, T and 6Li heated to a very high temperature and confined to a high density will start a chain fusion reaction, liberating an enormous amount of energy.
43. Which one of the following is NOT correct?
(a) Theory of evolution was propounded by Charles Darwin.
(b) The breaking apart of the nucleus of an atom is called fusion.
(c) Dry ice is nothing but solid carbon dioxide.
(d) Telephone was invented by Graham Bell
Ans: (b)
[Nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at a very high speed and join to form a new type of atomic nucleus.]
44. cloudy nights are warmer than clear nights because
(a) clouds prevent the escape of radiation of heat from the ground and the air.
(b) absorb sunlight during the day and radiate the same at night.
(c) clouds make the atmosphere damp and generate heat.
(d) clouds obstruct the movement of air which creates heat
Ans: (a)
[The cloudy nights are warmer because clouds prevent the escape of radiation of heat from the ground and the air.]
45. If the doors of a refrigerator are left open for a few hours, the room temperature will
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) remain the same
(d) decrease only in the area in the vicinity of the refrigerator.
Ans: (b)
[If the doors of a refrigerator are left open for a few hours, the room temperature will increase as the system release heat to the surroundings.]
46. A man is standing on a boat in still water. If he walks towards the shore, the boat will
(a) move towards the shore
(b) move away from the shore
(c) remain stationary
(d) sink
Ans: (b).
47. A country is said to be in a debt trap if :
(a) it has to abide by the conditionalities imposed by the International Monetary Fund.
(b) it has to borrow to make interest payments on outstanding loans.
(c) it has been refused loans or aid by creditors abroad.
(d) the World Bank charges a very high rate of interest on outstanding as well as new loans.
Ans: (b).
48. A ‘closed economy’ is an economy in which
(a) the money supply is fully controlled.
(b) deficit financing takes place.
(c) only exports take place.
(d) neither exports nor imports take place.
Ans:(d)
[This is an economy that does not interact with the economy of any other country. A closed economy prohibits imports and exports and prohibits any other country from participating in their stock market.]
49. Karl Marx explained the process of class struggle with the help of which one of the following theories?
(a) Empirical Liberalism
(b) Existentialism
(c) Darwin’s Theory of evolution
(d) Dialectical Materialism
Ans:(d)
[The basic idea of Dialectical Materialism is that every economic order grows to a state of maximum efficiency, while at the same time developing interval contradictions or weaknesses that contribute to its decay.]
50. The correct decreasing order of the population of the various continents is-
(a) Asia, Europe, America, Africa, Australia.
(b) Asia, America, Europe, Africa, Australia.
(c) Asia, Eruope, Africa, America, Australia.
(d) Asia, America, Africa, Europe, Australia.
Ans: (c).
